Space and Technology
Kosmos 482 lifted off from Baikonur on 31 March 1972, bound for Venus as the sister craft to Venera 8. It reached parking orbit,...
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Kosmos 482 lifted off from Baikonur on 31 March 1972, bound for Venus as the sister craft to Venera 8. It reached parking orbit,...
In December 1984 the Soviet Union launched Vega 2 on an unusual double mission: fly past Halley's Comet, then plunge into Venus, a world...
Summary and Key Points: In February 1961, the Soviet Union launched Venera 1, the first spacecraft ever sent from Earth toward another planet. Built...
Venus melts lead, crushes machines under ninety atmospheres, and rains sulfuric acid, which is why Soviet engineers built the Venera landers like submarines and...
Venus crushes, roasts, and corrodes anything that touches it, and it has almost no water. But fifty kilometers up, the pressure matches Earth's —...
In June 1985 the Soviet Union did something that still sounds impossible: it flew two balloons through the clouds of another planet. Released into...
It’s one of the greatest engineering feats ever achieved during the Space Race. It also remains one of the surprisingly underappreciated feats. Perhaps that’s...
When the Soviet Union sent two probes plunging into the atmosphere of Venus in December 1978, they carried an instrument named "Groza," the Russian...
Exploring Venus is extremely challenging. A landing probe or lander must withstand crushing pressure, with atmospheric pressure roughly 90 times Earth’s, equivalent to being...
On March 1, 1982, a Soviet probe named Venera 13 settled onto the surface of Venus and did something no spacecraft had done before:...