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For Joe Biden, today must feel like economic groundhog day. Twelve years ago, he became vice president in the immediate aftermath of the U.S....
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The Eastern Flank Deterrence Initiative emerged from US Army Europe and Africa and NATO's Allied Land Command as a concept for restoring deterrence by...
For all the talk of spending targets, the Ankara NATO summit's real work happened elsewhere. Europe is being handed responsibility for NATO's conventional defense...
Western analysts fixate on North Korea's missiles. The real danger is speed — a mass artillery-and-missile salvo in the war's first hours, backed by...
The second Trump administration is reviewing America's military footprint in Europe, and the worst-case outcome is a full withdrawal. Andrew Michta argues that would...
The three words were the Academy's motto, not his — what he brought to them was the century's most spectacular military life: the first...
Most of the carrier-design specialists who spoke to 19FortyFive were also quick to point out the negative implications of going back to a steam-powered...
He spoke from memory because reading was his lifelong enemy — and that provenance detail unlocks the real Patton: the repeated year at West...
MANTA remained a largely conceptual plane. In 2003, NASA even published a history of its experimental aircraft concepts, including the X-44 in that compendium...
Of the 1.5 billion barrels in emergency stocks, the IEA cannot order the commercial half released, leaving governments under a billion. The American reserve...
The Houthis have no warships. It doesn't need any. A blockade holds if shipowners and insurers decide the passage is not worth the risk,...
Washington redirected 55 commercial vessels away from Iranian ports as of Sunday, up from 35 a week earlier, while the Kpler intelligence firm counted...
Supply boats bring food and water. Wages arrive late or not at all. A union leader likens it to imprisonment, and one Indian sailor...
Analysts dismissed American control of the Strait of Hormuz as a near-impossible task. The US government now says it has been helping tankers move...
Drones reached Moscow on three of the last five nights. A ballistic missile would not extend Ukraine's reach so much as compress Russia's warning...
Georgia Gilholy reports on Trump's map post declaring Hormuz 'New U.S. Territory,' a vessel struck off Oman hours earlier per UK Maritime Trade Operations,...
When it comes to severe economic pressure, Washington has massive options between everything and nothing. Something in the middle that hurts Iran a lot...
Trump ordered Ulchi Freedom Shield cut from eleven days to five before Kim Jong-un had agreed to anything in return. Kim Yo-jong dismissed the...
As President Trump downsizes the Ulchi Freedom Shield war games after South Korea declined to help with Iran, one uncomfortable fact goes almost completely...
Russia has used North Korean ballistic missiles in Ukraine since late 2023. The early shots missed by kilometers. Later ones did not. That combat...
Iran's Shahab-1 came from the Scud-B and reached 300km. The Khorramshahr, derived from North Korea's Musudan, reaches 2,000km — a 6.7-fold increase in reach.
For Joe Biden, today must feel like economic groundhog day. Twelve years ago, he became vice president in the immediate aftermath of the U.S....
The closer the United States and its allies come to fielding a cohesive democratic armada, the better their chances of deterring aggressors and shoring...
Editor’s Note: We recently spoke with Dr. Andrew Erickson, a professor of strategy in the U.S. Naval War College (NWC)’s China Maritime Studies Institute...
Congress has done the right thing in finalizing a nearly $900 billion coronavirus stimulus package. Welcome as that might be, it is another matter...
19FortyFive is about change. We normally think of institutional culture as an impediment to healthful change, and oftentimes it is. Bureaucracies are machines designed...
