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When the Soviet Union sent two probes plunging into the atmosphere of Venus in December 1978, they carried an instrument named "Groza," the Russian...
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When the Soviet Union sent two probes plunging into the atmosphere of Venus in December 1978, they carried an instrument named "Groza," the Russian...
The Space Shuttle is remembered as an engineering marvel, but this analysis argues it was also one of NASA's costliest strategic mistakes. Sold as...
Exploring Venus is extremely challenging. A landing probe or lander must withstand crushing pressure, with atmospheric pressure roughly 90 times Earth’s, equivalent to being...
On March 1, 1982, a Soviet probe named Venera 13 settled onto the surface of Venus and did something no spacecraft had done before:...
In November 1988 the Soviet Union flew its own space shuttle. Buran reached orbit, circled the Earth twice, and landed itself completely on autopilot,...
NASA's path back to Mars in the 1990s was also its strangest. Instead of firing thrusters to set the spacecraft down gently, engineers wrapped...
Alpha Centauri sits roughly 4.37 light-years from Earth, making it the closest star system to our own. In astronomical terms, it may seem like...
In the summer of 1979 the United States dropped a 77-ton space station out of the sky and could not say where it would...
The first spacecraft to land safely on Mars was Soviet, not American, and it did not survive. In December 1971 the Mars 3 lander...
Humanity has landed in the outer solar system exactly once: on Saturn's moon Titan, in January 2005, when a European probe named Huygens parachuted...