Science Archives

This composite image, from NASA's Galileo and Mars Global Survey orbiters, of Earth and Mars was created to allow viewers to gain a better understanding of the relative sizes of the two planets.

Space and Technology

Mars once had rivers, lakes, and possibly oceans, and it lost all of them for one reason — its molten core cooled, its magnetic field died, and the solar wind stripped the planet’s air into space.

Mars wasn't always frozen and barren. Billions of years ago it had flowing rivers, standing lakes, and possibly oceans. It lost all of it...

Harrison KassJuly 7, 2026

Space and Technology

In January 2005 a European probe named Huygens fell for two and a half hours through the orange haze of Titan and landed on a plain of ice — the most distant touchdown in history, and no spacecraft has ever gone back.

Most probes orbit worlds or fly past them. In January 2005, Europe's Huygens did something far rarer: it landed. Carried across the solar system...

Harrison KassJuly 7, 2026

Space and Technology

In 1965, Russian cosmonaut Alexei Leonov stepped outside Voskhod 2 for the first spacewalk in history, and his suit ballooned so badly in vacuum that he had to bleed oxygen through a valve to fit back inside before orbital darkness

On 18 March 1965, the Soviet Union sent Alexei Leonov outside Voskhod 2 for the first spacewalk in history. The mission became a Space...

Harry J. KazianisJuly 6, 2026

Space and Technology

At 70,000 Feet, Olympus Mons on Mars Stands Two and a Half Times Taller Than Mount Everest. It Is the Largest Volcano in the Solar System, and It May Not Be Extinct

A person standing on the largest volcano in the solar system would never know it. Olympus Mons rises 70,000 feet over Mars on slopes...

Harry J. KazianisJuly 5, 2026

Space and Technology

NASA Has Not Launched Anything Faster Than Voyager in 48 Years. Here Is the Real Menu of Machines That Could Finally Beat It

Voyager 1 is about to become the first object one light-day from Earth, still whispering home on a plutonium supply the size of a...

Harry J. KazianisJuly 5, 2026

This artistic impression depicts our Solar System neighbour Venus, where scientists have confirmed the detection of phosphine molecules. The molecules were detected in the Venusian high clouds in data from the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, in which ESO is a partner. Astronomers have speculated for decades that life could exist in Venus’s high clouds. The detection of phosphine could point to such extra-terrestrial “aerial” life.

Space and Technology

Terraforming Venus means removing 90 Earth atmospheres of carbon dioxide, cooling a planet that melts lead, and importing an ocean — the newest NASA idea skips all of it

Venus crushes, roasts, and corrodes anything that touches it, and it has almost no water. But fifty kilometers up, the pressure matches Earth's —...

Harry J. KazianisJuly 5, 2026

Space Shuttle Discovey at Smithsonian 19FortyFive Photo

Aerospace & Defense

NASA’s Space Shuttle Hit Mach 25 on 133 Flights: The Fastest Crewed Aircraft Ever Holds No Speed Record

In 1967, Pete Knight flew Mach 6.72 and was called the fastest man alive. For thirty years, the Space Shuttle made that number look...

Harry J. KazianisJuly 3, 2026

Apollo 11 and Saturn V Exhibit at the Kennedy Space Center. Taken on 6/28/2026 by 19FortyFive.com

Space and Technology

After walking on the Moon, the Apollo 11 crew spent three weeks locked in quarantine — in case they’d brought back lunar germs — and greeted the world through glass.

The first men on the Moon came home to a locked box. For three weeks after splashdown, Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins...

Brent M. EastwoodJuly 2, 2026

Space and Technology

Voyager 1 isn’t dying because anything broke — after almost 50 years it’s simply running out of power, and NASA is shutting off its instruments one by one until the signal goes silent.

Nearly fifty years after launch, Voyager 1 is approaching the end, but not because anything is breaking. It is simply running out of electricity....

Harrison KassJuly 2, 2026

Space and Technology

Voyager 1 launched in 1977 on a four-year mission, and in November 2026, nearly half a century later, it will become the first object ever to reach one light-day from Earth — so distant that a signal now takes a full 24 hours to cross the emptiness back home

In November 2026, a spacecraft launched during the Carter administration will cross a threshold no human-made object ever has: one light-day from Earth —...

Jack BuckbyJuly 2, 2026

19FortyFive

All posts tagged "Science"

Space and Technology

Mars once had rivers, lakes, and possibly oceans, and it lost all of them for one reason — its molten core cooled, its magnetic field died, and the solar wind stripped the planet’s air into space.

Space and Technology

In January 2005 a European probe named Huygens fell for two and a half hours through the orange haze of Titan and landed on a plain of ice — the most distant touchdown in history, and no spacecraft has ever gone back.

Space and Technology

In 1965, Russian cosmonaut Alexei Leonov stepped outside Voskhod 2 for the first spacewalk in history, and his suit ballooned so badly in vacuum that he had to bleed oxygen through a valve to fit back inside before orbital darkness

Space and Technology

At 70,000 Feet, Olympus Mons on Mars Stands Two and a Half Times Taller Than Mount Everest. It Is the Largest Volcano in the Solar System, and It May Not Be Extinct

Space and Technology

NASA Has Not Launched Anything Faster Than Voyager in 48 Years. Here Is the Real Menu of Machines That Could Finally Beat It

Space and Technology

Terraforming Venus means removing 90 Earth atmospheres of carbon dioxide, cooling a planet that melts lead, and importing an ocean — the newest NASA idea skips all of it

Aerospace & Defense

NASA’s Space Shuttle Hit Mach 25 on 133 Flights: The Fastest Crewed Aircraft Ever Holds No Speed Record

Space and Technology

After walking on the Moon, the Apollo 11 crew spent three weeks locked in quarantine — in case they’d brought back lunar germs — and greeted the world through glass.

Space and Technology

Voyager 1 isn’t dying because anything broke — after almost 50 years it’s simply running out of power, and NASA is shutting off its instruments one by one until the signal goes silent.

Space and Technology

Voyager 1 launched in 1977 on a four-year mission, and in November 2026, nearly half a century later, it will become the first object ever to reach one light-day from Earth — so distant that a signal now takes a full 24 hours to cross the emptiness back home

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